A bioreactor is a device system that uses the biological functions of enzymes or organisms (such as microorganisms) to carry out biochemical reactions in vitro. It is a biological function simulator, such as a fermentation tank, immobilized enzyme or immobilized cell reactor.
Bioreactor:
A process (aerobic or anaerobic) in which a system supports a biologically active environment.
Stirring tank bioreactors:
They are the most commonly used reactors for culturing biological agents such as cells, enzymes, and antibodies.
Stirring tank bioreactors application areas:
1. Bioreactors are used to culture cells and grow microorganisms;
2. Pharmaceutical production (various drugs and medicines, even vaccines), the ability to control and monitor the environment inside the bioreactor makes the production of these drugs more consistent and reliable. Thereby improving efficiency and ultimately reducing costs.
2. Bioreactors are also used in food processing, especially the production of yogurt, cheese and beer, concentrated jam, juice fermentation, and other fermented foods. The controlled environment inside the bioreactor can precisely control the fermentation process, thereby producing higher quality, more stable and more delicious products.
3. The degradation of organic pollutants is also of great value.
Advantages of stirred bioreactors:
1. Efficiency: The operation of bioreactors can greatly improve production efficiency and is more efficient than traditional production methods.
2. Sustainability: Bioreactors can operate for a long time without generating too much waste, which is a very sustainable production method.
3. Precise control: Bioreactors can precisely control biological processes, adjust parameters such as temperature, pH, and nutrition, thereby ensuring the stability and quality of the production process.
4. Diversity: Bioreactors can adapt to different types of biological processes, including cell culture, fermentation, etc.
Disadvantages of bioreactors
1. High operating costs: Bioreactors require independent equipment and high-quality culture materials, which will increase costs.
2. Complex operation: The operation of bioreactors is relatively complicated and requires professional technicians to operate. The cumbersome procedures will also increase costs.
3. Difficulty in design and maintenance: The design and maintenance of bioreactors require highly specialized technical support and equipment, and institutions or individuals who lack the corresponding technology and equipment find it difficult to cope with it.
4. Safety risks: In the production process of bioreactors, there may be dangers, and toxins, viruses, etc. may sometimes be amplified, resulting in unpredictable dangers.
Bioreactor structure composition:
1. It is the role of the stirring system. The stirring system includes an impeller and a stirring paddle.
2. The container is a double-layer jacket, which can provide heating and cooling sources, facilitate the control of the temperature in the kettle, and thus provide a stable culture environment.
3. The baffle inside the container can prevent the formation of vortices or vortices in the liquid during the stirring process, and can also improve the flow of the culture medium and prevent shear stress that may be harmful to microorganisms or cells.
4. Additional functions: a. Oxygen introduction function, usually with an ejector, can deliver sterile air.
B. PH detection function, the PH probe detects the PH value to appropriately adjust the pH of the culture medium to meet the growth environment of cells and microorganisms, thereby improving production or scientific research efficiency.
C. Defoaming function, because there are various protein components in the culture medium, foam will appear during the stirring process, and excessive foam will cause overflow, so we installed a defoaming function to improve production efficiency and protect the fermenter from being damaged.
D. Various sampling ports and feed ports are convenient for operators to use.
E. The control center of the system, PLC integrated control system. Can meet various automation controls.
F. Sterilization system, usually with high temperature heating, steam or chemical sterilization methods.
Bioreactor Materials:
Stainless steel: widely used in large bioreactors due to its durability, corrosion resistance and compatibility with steam sterilization.
Glass: often used in small bioreactors due to its transparency, chemical resistance and compatibility with steam sterilization.
Polymers and plastics: used in single-use bioreactors and components, with advantages in cost, sterility and handling.
The choice of material depends on the specific application, the scale of the bioreactor and the sterilization requirements.
Mixing and Agitation
There are several factors to consider when selecting a mixing and agitation system for a bioreactor:
Impeller Type: Various impeller designs, such as Rushton turbines, pitched blade impellers, or marine propellers, can be used to provide the desired level of mixing and agitation within the bioreactor.
Impeller Speed: The speed of the impeller can be varied to achieve the desired level of mixing and agitation, with higher speeds generally producing better mixing but also producing higher shear forces, which may adversely affect sensitive cells or microorganisms.
Baffles: Baffles can be added to the bioreactor to increase turbulence and improve mixing
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